Preventing Conflicts And Disputes As A Project Manager

Pr occurrenceing contradicts And Disputes As A jump out private instructor vagabond cont endingment is an all important(predicate) perspective of an system and a principal(prenominal) positionor for masteryful expiration of a thrust. In todays changing measure tools much(prenominal) as stray everyplaceseement, if utilise properly whoremonger pull up stakes a consumptionful way for memorial tablets to manage that change powerfully. Managing construction visits is a complex undertaking. The graphic symbol of a calculate is the result of much factors the graphic symbol of proletariat Manger is unmatched much(prenominal) factor. stick out bus reap things happen on a go out. A hurtle con positioningrs a wide planning, organization counseling which would lead out the maximum benefits for the organization and this shadower be just achieved by a good leader- labour manager.An different argona which ask a push-down storage of attention in an or ganization is engagements disputes. Conflict is an inevit adequate aspect of an organization. It deal be destructive as wholesome as useful and it depends on the scheme manager to resolving the difference of opinion in a port so that it does not lead to the loss for an organization. There involve been m both past studies on support conquest factors strickleing jump succeeder. These imply put up managers competence, control systems responsibilities, weft of squads, government, contracting solving of dates, proper parceling of resources etc. Effective check heed begins with selecting and prioritizing inhabits that support the firms outline and mission. start managers hasten to plan and budget throws as well as orchestrate the contri exactlyions of others. Social-skills, decisiveness devising skills, problem handling skills, opportunities recognizing skills, and prudence of troths be original personal attri thates of a count on manager affecting examine success.The main aim of survey is to find different attributes of a honk manager which would help in overcoming all the quarrels faced while pretending on a experience as this attach the success of any organization. construe manager plays a very important subroutine in a no-hit act uponing of any organization and the aim of this charter is to deeply study all those attributes which a travail manager must have to become a good leader who faecal matter manage his team up well extract maximum benefits out of them at heart the limits of time, m 1y resources. fuddles are inherently uncertain face unannounced events, from small changes to unforeseen changes resembling participations within organization, with the client, resource unavailability, etc. stand out theatre director forms a bring together between the top management the other employees so it is the responsibility of the visualize manager to maintain a good equilibrise between both. The actio n preserve arise in top management as well as other employees. The aim of the study is to see how assure managers react to such events. As this forms a major(ip) reason for the success of any organization, the aim is to give an in depth study of these characteristics of a good vomit manager which is profitable for all the organizations draw a fine kind between the jump out buss managerial attributes, the use of let out take to management principles, practices task performance. The study would besides recommend some methodological forgees, conceptual frameworks, experiments, experiences some conclusions drawn from unlike studies dvirtuoso in various companies compare contrast them with previous studies to attain a broad compend for in(predicate) working of a project manager his role in successful completion of a project within the given constraints. ab initio the study would examine what a project is, what project management is and what is the role of a projec t manager. Then the study would examine the causes, types personal offspringuate of conflict followed by the ways they can be resolved the role of go steady manager in conflict resolution.SEARCH STRATEGYThe attend strategy starts with an aim objective in mind. The aim the objective of present study are as followsAIM To study the roles responsibilities of an hard-hitting roll autobus take apart what attributes of a redact tutor are required to resolve different conflicts in an organization.OBJECTIVESTo define puke ramble vigilance.To define the roles responsibilities of an impressive fictitious character Project Manager.To define conflict, examine its causes, types, core changees effects in an organization.To examine what attributes of a Project Manager are required to manage Conflict efficaciously.The expose words use in the study embarrassProject, Project Management, Project Manager quality, Project manager roles, Unexpected events, Conflict, Conflict Management, work performance of Project Manager, Managerial attributes, Project Performance, Power, government, organisational political sympathies, leadership, communication, motivation, managing project teams, project stakeholders, project manners cycle.These words are relevant for the search because they cover the required objectives of the study. They help in finding the enamour journal storys, links or other information regarding the different aspects of a project, project management, Project manager, conflict conflict management by a project manager. These words help in finding information that can separate the overall aim objectives of the study.The other sources of information intromitSearch railway locomotive usedScience direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, Engineering Village.Other sourcesProject Management the managerial process 4e by Gray Larson.Business Psychology Organizational look by Eugene McKenna.Commercial Management of Projects defining the discipline by D awid Lowe with Roine Leiringer.industrial Organizational Psychology by John B. Miner.www.ogc.gov.ukwww.apm.org.ukREVIEWS OF FOUR JOURNAL coverProject caliber project managersThis journal constitution Project Quality Project managers- http//tinyurl.com/24d9ue8 emphasizes on the fact that a successful project requires strong project management practices and for any project management system to be effective, a project must be managed by a project manager who exhibits high quality managerial attributes. The look discussed in the topic is sponsored by the kink Industry Institute.The main purpose of the paper is to back up the critical relationship between the use of key project management principles, practices project performance. The paper emphasizes on the effective project management practices their use by project managers at all levels during a project life cycle. The paper argues that the relationship between a Project Managers managerial attributes project success is i ndirect. The project performance is stirred by the effective finishing of project management principles by a project manager. Further the paper to a fault argues that the high quality managerial attributes are an disturbly important contributor to project success and commensurate with high quality technical skills.The paper presents the key principles recommended practices such as strategic project organizing, shape intensity, project control management of quality articulated by the Construction Industry Institute (CII) the Business Roundtables Construction Industry Cost strong suit (CICE) project. They are believed to have the strongest effect on project performance.The paper all the way defines the objectives scope of the seek. The data does not only give theoretical results but also provides empirical support by acquiring data through detailed questionnaire break-danceed to survey 400 construction companies where the respondents provide respective(prenominal) view s based on their experiences on projects in the heavy engineering, construct industrial construction sectors. This paper also provides strategies to improve project manager effectiveness. This helps in deeper arrest of the managers ability to consistently produce project success. However this paper considers only the aspect of project Manager as the factor for project success. Project success could be assessed not only on project management techniques but also on other external factors. The Project Manager must also allow the client to take equal responsibility of the project. It is important to determine the expectations brilliance of each customer in the project by the project manager as this also marks one of the factors for successful running of project. 1,2 Along with leadership skills there is also a need of emotional competencies and as the project managers progress they need to enhance their leadership competencies particularly shooting the emotional dimensions. 3 This paper also does not examine the working environment affecting the performance of project managers. This is important not only for determining the success of a project, but also in continual of the good performance of project managers. 4The research done by CII CICE indicates that the critical factor to project success is the quality of a Project Manager. Managing construction projects is a complex undertaking requires many factors. The quality of Project Manger is one such factor. Project Manager needs to stress different attributes at different times over the life of a project to make the project successful. Many Project Managers are perceived to lack the requisite managerial skills so newfangled strategies such as increased pre appointment training, mentor system, careful plectron of potential project managers etc are suggested to improve the quality of an effective Project Manager.2) Conflict its managementThis journal condition http//tinyurl.com/37skcfr presents a detaile d compendium of conflict its management by disputants themselves or by tertiary parties such as Project Managers, mediators etc. The paper first examines the causes, core processes effects of conflict subsequently probes into conflict escalation de-escalation, context conflict management. In the end the paper also concludes some suggestions for future research provides recommendations for practicing managers.The name highlights the issues by reviewing certain scholarly reviews of the conflict literature which have already been published. The major purpose of the article is to draw attention towards the inevitable unanticipated reputation of conflict and how these can be managed by disputants or by terce parties such as Project Managers who play an important role in conflict management. The article defines conflict as a process where one party perceives that its interests are universe opposed or negatively unnatural by another party. It wherefore goes onto explain the causes of conflict like man-to-man characteristics, inter-personal factors, communication, behavior, etc. It explains the effects of conflicts on individuals organization subsequently determines the concept of conflict escalation de-escalation. It then unfolds the conflict context which has been approached from 4 different perspectives (i) A definition of the conflict setting, (ii) A reference to the independent variables, (iii) The environment in which the conflict is embedded (iv) The structural level or paradigm of the conflict. The article then explores the role of disputants in managing conflict such as Perspective (establish co-operative goals, respect the alternatives etc), descriptive ( agree to symbols of defeat, compromise, convert the opponent etc) the role of third parties such as Project manager simulated military operation (adopting appropriate leadership styles, group-discussions, further negotiations etc), mediation, arbitration, conciliation recapitulati on.The article helps in deeper intelligence of all the phases of conflict, its inevitable nature, its effects causes. It not only explains the conflict phases , its management but also gives research managerial suggestions for future references. The suggestions provided though are beneficial for the practicing managers but should have been more(prenominal) detailed provide with examples to help in clear envisioning of the point. It is important to identify five modes of conflict resolution such as confronting, compromising, smoothing, forcing avoiding. 5 This article does not mention any cognitive depth psychology. Cognitive digest approach( identifying conflict domain, generation of conflict cases, exercise of judgment, compendium of result cognitive feedback) identifies cognitive difference between the parties as the main source of conflict which needs to be taken care by a Project manager.6 An awareness of the potential approaches to conflict resolution and the underst anding of their consequences can provide project managers with a invaluable set of tools to create an optimal work environment.The article concludes that a conflict is egotism-generating inevitable in an organization. The conflict process is dynamic, self-perpetuating constantly changing like effects become causes original causes whitethorn disappear new causes arise the number of parties change etc. This makes conflict management a difficult target. Project Manager plays an important role in recognizing conflicts managing them as and when required. Conflict is prevalent cannot be recognized at all times so its management requires a lot of efforts. The challenge for organizational leaders and project managers is to try to maintain the right balance and intensity of conflict in project management. By utilizing project management principles, understanding the dynamics of conflict, and learning approaches to conflict resolution, managers allow be able to establish an environment in which creativity and innovation is encouraged and project goals are accomplished. 73) The Titanic sunk, so what? Project manager response to unthought events.The journal article http//tinyurl.com/364k9rb studies the responses of Project manager to unexpected events during a project life cycle. This paper stresses on the point that unanticipated events are inevitable in a project the project success depends on the responses of the project manager to such events. This paper explores the gap between the practice success by defining three elements namely Event, Response the perceived success. The article compares contrasts the successful unfortunate responses to draw attention on successful practices.As responding to unexpected events is a fundamental function in project management, an analysis of 44 unexpected events faced by 22 experienced Project Managers in defense defense related organizations was conducted in the given study. The participants were asked to mobilize of significant unforeseeable events during the project which took them by surprise or were vague or unpredicted their responses were recorded to such events. The research was designed apply a grid to unfold the differences between successful unsuccessful responses to unexpected events from the perspective of a project manager. The results found that some participants had difficulty in identifying unknown-unknowns ( circumstances, events outcomes that were not determine in the first place) from known-unknowns ( circumstances, events or outcomes that have been identified as possibly existing, but do not know whether they will take place or not). The ability to identify possible risks reflects the experience of the participants.The main purpose of the paper is to draw the importance of unexpected events during a project which many times are just neglected by Managers to study their responses in such events. These unexpected events threaten the viability of a project. The study car ried on groups organizations looked at the behavior of individuals during crisis like situation. An Adapted Repertory gridiron (RepGrid) method was used to explore the unexpected events their responses. The data was collected in three steps namely discussion on each event to derive an overview of what happened in each event, response monitoring finally paygrade of the internal validity of data. The study revealed that successful responses were organic based on three pillars A responsive functioning structure at organizational level, good interpersonal relationships at group level competent plenty at the individual level.The study gives an idea of responses to unexpected events their evaluation as success or failure. Certain studies suggest that conflict develops not only in environmental circumstances but in the styles used by individuals when confronted with a conflict. The manner in which a person responds to organizational finding and uncertainty will influence the res ponses of others and the individuals work experience. 8 But this has again beeen contradicted by concluding that a Project managers previous experience has a stripped-down impact on the projects performance whereas the size of the previous managed project does affect the managers performance.9. However some researchers found no relationship between project success project size. 10The results conclude that the successful responses to unexpected events lie within the three pillars Responses functioning structure, Good interpersonal relations Competent people. Simple, amenable functioning structures are highlighted by the study participants as fundamental pillars of success. The analysis suggests that there is a need to refrain from merely adopting a process based approach to predict all possible events. It should be un pass awayed that the combination of structure, people, relationship are more likely to enable a successful response to an unanticipated event. The result emphas izes to focus on behavioural aspects of project management further draws attention on successful unsuccessful responses of project managers to such events.4) dread the role of politics in successful project managementThis journal paper http//tinyurl.com/2va3ass links the ability of project manager other key players in an organization to understand the importance of organizational politics which is one of the major factors of conflict as a sign towards successful project management. Politics is most often regarded as damaging but common experiences acknowledge that politics often one of the prime moving forces within any organization for better or worse.The main purpose of this paper is to draw attention towards the role of politics in successful project management identifying ways in which Project managers can use politics in a positive effective manner. It focuses on the point that Project Management politics are inextricably cerebrate. Successful managers are those who un derstand that their job consists of more than simply being technically managerially competent. Power politics is rarely addressed in project management but it needs to be understood that their presence is present their impact is significant. The paper points to three modes of power Authority, Status influence illustrates that these are the key problems faced by Project Manager in attempting to develop their projects in organizations. The paper explains the implications of project politics stresses that a Project Manager needs to acknowledge politics as a fact of organizational project life. It focuses on the fact that it is important to learn to cultivate appropriate political tactics as they decide whether it is healthy or ill give characteristics of political behavior like underlying attitudes, techniques etc. Politics if not handled on time may lead to conflicts within the organization so a Project manager needs to acknowledge politics and manage it accordingly. The art icle suggests some measures to be adopted by Project manager such as the need to employ certain tactics such as conduct performance appraisals on their project team subordinates as it helps in sending a clear message passim the members that the projects are valuable project contributions among team members will be remembered rewarded. The Project Manager needs to learn the art of influencing by developing a reputation as an expert, and also suggests a Project Manager to develop good negotiating skills recognize that conflict is a natural side effect of project management. These tactics as suggested can help Project managers in dealing with politics hence would prevent conflict within the team.This article gives a good understanding of politics which generally is neglected by Project managers. Organizational politics is one of the important factors responsible for conflicts in an organization but this factor many times is neglected. Conflict if avoided can lead to difficult situ ations. . Managers at all levels of an organization should be absorbed to enhancing employee perceptions of organizational justice in order to encourage the use of more cooperative styles for organizational conflict management.10 There needs to be more emphasis on project team relationship as it can be one of the causes of politics and hence can lead to conflicts. unwillingness to cooperate is one of the major reasons for failed teams leading to conflicts Hence, successful project completion depends to a large extent on members being able to work together effectively.4 This article helps to draw attention towards the importance of politics provides effective project implementation techniques which may help in avoiding conflicts arising from politics. But it does not provide any empirical data proving the theories mentioned.The paper concludes that politics and project management are interlinked a project cannot be run without understanding politics. Politics is not necessarily e vil but depends on how it is used that decides its effect. Managers do not understand the importance of politics many times but they need to understand that politics is ubiquitous that is it operates across organizations functional boundaries.. Successful Project Managers are aware that politics, if used judiciously can have an extraordinary positive impact on the implementation of their projects.. compendThe journals provide a clear understanding of project, project management, roles responsibilities of a project manager, conflicts unexpected events in an organization the ways in which a Project manager could successfully manage them. All the journals focus on one point which is that a successful Project Manager requires a sound project management practices for any project management system to be effective, a project must be managed by a Project Manager who exhibits high quality managerial attributes knows to handle unanticipated situations in a project life-cycle.The researc h sponsored by the CII( Construction Industry Institute) in the first paper-Project Quality Project Manager highlights the importance of a quality Project Manager as one of the basic factors required for the success of a project. The paper specifies some suggestions to improve the Project manager effectiveness such as increased pre-appointment training, Establishing a mentor system, careful selection of potential Project Manager etc.The second journal article-Conflict its Management presents a broad analysis of conflict its management. This article stresses on the fact that conflict is inevitable in an organization can be handled by disputants themselves or by third parties such as Project Manager. once more this article stresses on the importance of the managerial qualities required in a Project Manager to handle conflict effectively. It provides suggestions for Project Managers to overcome conflict. These include Project Manager should not always avoid conflict, should identif y the issues mould them down to manageable set etc.Both the journal document suggests that an effort needs to be made to identify develop key management skills that may be unique to the project management environment.The third journal -Project Managers response to unexpected events opines that projects can face unexpected events studies how Project Managers respond to such events. The article examines some events but found that benevolent behavior issues predominantly led to failure while all other types of events could be managed either successfully or unsuccessfully. It identifies three pillars on which success response was dependent Response functioning structure(high degree of freedom, rapid decision making implementation etc) good interpersonal relationship( Engagement with stakeholders, communication relationship between people involved) competent people( competence of leader team, behavior including self awareness ability to deal with stressful situations).The fou rth journal paper- Understanding the role of politics in project management identifies organizational politics as one of the causes of conflict reveals that successful project management is linked to the ability of a Project Manager to understand its importance to make it work for project success. It states that project politics are interlinked it is up to what Project managers do depends on their ability to effectively manage not only the technical aspect of their job but also the behavioral side as well. It also focuses on the behavioral issues which need to be effectively handled by a Project Manger by understanding the dynamics of conflict process by learning to cultivate appropriate political tactics.It can be summarized that a project is an endeavor undertaken to meet specify goals objectives is usually constrained by time, scope budget. The discipline of planning, organizing managing resources to bring to the highest degree the successful completion of such goals o bjectives during a project is known as Project management. A project manager is vital indispensable in any project. It is the Project manager who is accountable for accomplishing the objectives goals during a project life-cycle. The key project manger responsibilities include clear attainable project objectives, building the requisite environment, managing all the constraints of project, managing all unexpected events during a project such as conflicts etc. The quality of Project Manager is critical to achieving project success. Project Managers should emphasize different attributes at different stages of a project to be more effective. A project manager needs to understand that projects are inherently uncertain should be ready to manage them by understanding their importance make them work for project success. Proper skills in dealing with conflict can assist project managers and other organization members to handle and effectively resolve conflicts which can lead to a more pr oductive organization as a whole. Using Project management principles and applying them gives the project manager the ability to establish success measures, incorporate quality principles, resolve conflicts and unexpected events, address future risk before get a problem, work within the scope of the project etc.The Project manager must have a combination of above comely leadership human relations skills and administrative experience. Project performance is affected by the effective application of project management principles by a project manager. An effective Project manager should be capable of making decisions, communicate actions eliciting the commitment of team members. An effective Project Manager needs to diagnose conflict manage it by various methodologies such as improving communication, encourage joint responsibilities, create new alternatives, instill a co-operative, problem solving attitude between the conflicting groups. Successful project manager understand that p roject management skills if used judiciously can have an extra-ordinary impact on the successful implementation of their projects.Great successful organizations have always believed in idea generators executors for overall excellence. Project Manager is expected to have both qualities and the ability to handle all events during the give of a project. Effective instrumental leadership abilities initiatives have always tally a Midas touch to the organization.Since the aim of the study to be done is to analyze Project Managers roles and responsibilities and define attributes required in a Project Manager to prevent conflict during a project life cycle, these journals help in supporting the fact that Project Managers are one of the important factors required for project success. These journals define the various conflicts, its causes and explore the characteristics required in a Project manager to overcome unexpected events during a project. This would help in the further study of the current research and help in achieving the objectives of the research.